OBJECTIVE: To elucidate clinicopathologic independent prognostic factors for intravesical recurrence after laparoscopic nephroureterectomy for primary upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UUT-UC).
METHODS AND MATERIALS: This study included 212 consecutive patients clinically diagnosed as localized UUT-UC and treated by retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephroureterectomy between January 2002 and October 2010, after exclusion of those with a previous or concurrent history of bladder cancer. The clinicopathologic features, risk factors, and intravesical recurrence-free survival were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses by Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify independent risk factors for intravesical tumor recurrence.
RESULTS: Of the patients, 64/212 (30.2%) developed subsequent intravesical recurrence during a median follow-up period of 39 months (range 7-78 months). Among them, 56/64 (87.5%) developed recurrent bladder cancer within 2 years after the surgery for UUT-UC, and the median interval between surgery and intravesical recurrence was 14 months (range 7-51 months). Multifocal tumors, renal insufficiency, and immunosuppression were determined as risk factors for intravesical recurrence by univariate analysis. However, by multivariate analyses, multifocality (hazard ratio = 2.060, P = 0.006) and immunosuppression (hazard ratio = 1.915, P = 0.037) were identified as independent predictors for the development of recurrent bladder cancer.
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of intravesical recurrence after laparoscopic nephroureterectomy for UUT-UC is high, and most subsequent bladder cancers recur within 2 years after surgery. Tumor multifocality and immunosuppression are significant independent risk factors in developing initial intravesical recurrence after laparoscopic surgery for primary UUT-UC.
Written by:
Liu Y, Lu J, Hong K, Huang Y, Ma L. Are you the author?
Urology Department, Peking University Third hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
Reference: Urol Oncol. 2013 Apr 26. pii: S1078-1439(13)00113-0.
doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2013.02.018
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 23628312
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