Upper tract urothelial carcinoma is a rare malignancy for which surgery provides definitive management. Open radical nephroureterectomy was the gold standard treatment, but laparoscopic and robot-assisted approaches are alternative options. Kidney-sparing approaches are feasible for carefully selected patients with ureteral cancer. This article discusses the evaluation of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma and definitive management using robot-assisted surgical approaches. Patients with urothelial carcinoma of the upper tract can be treated with robot-assisted nephroureterectomy, distal ureterectomy, and segmental ureterectomy.
The Urologic clinics of North America. 2020 Nov 05 [Epub]
Eric M Lo, Hyung L Kim
Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA., Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8635 West Third Street, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. Electronic address: .