Concerns of imaging-related radiation exposure in young patients with high survival rates have increased the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in testicular cancer (TC) stage I. However, computed tomography (CT) is still preferred for metastatic TC. The purpose of this study was to compare whole-body MRI incl. diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) with contrast-enhanced, thoracoabdominal CT in metastatic TC.
A prospective, non-inferiority study of 84 consecutive patients (median age 33 years) with newly diagnosed metastatic TC (February 2018-January 2021). Patients had both MRI and CT before and after treatment. Anonymised images were reviewed by experienced radiologists. Lesion malignancy was evaluated on a Likert scale (1 benign-4 malignant). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were calculated on patient and lesion level. The primary outcome was demonstrating non-inferiority regarding sensitivity of MRI compared to CT. The non-inferiority margin was set at 5%. ROC curves and interobserver agreement were calculated.
On patient level, MRI had 98% sensitivity and 75% specificity compared to CT. On lesion level within each modality, MRI had 99% sensitivity and 78% specificity, whereas CT had 98% sensitivity and 88% specificity. MRI sensitivity was non-inferior to CT (difference 0.57% (95% CI - 1.4-2.5%)). The interobserver agreement was substantial between CT and MRI.
MRI with DWIBS was non-inferior to contrast-enhanced CT in detecting metastatic TC disease.
www.
gov NCT03436901, finished July 1st 2021.
Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology. 2022 Apr 07 [Epub ahead of print]
Solveig Kärk Abildtrup Larsen, Vibeke Løgager, Catharina Bylov, Hanne Nellemann, Mads Agerbæk, Anne Birgitte Als, Erik Morre Pedersen
Department of Radiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark. ., Department of Radiology, Herlev Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark., Department of Radiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark., Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.