Preoperative Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predicts Biochemical Recurrence in Prostate Cancer after Radical Prostatectomy

To evaluate the utility of preoperative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) in predicting biochemical recurrence (BCR) following radical prostatectomy (RP).

From March 2007 to January 2015, 421 consecutive patients with prostate cancer (PCa) underwent preoperative MP-MRI and RP. BCR-free survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify clinical and imaging variables predictive of BCR. Logistic regression was performed to generate a nomogram to predict three-year BCR probability.

Of the total cohort, 370 patients met inclusion criteria with 39 (10.5%) patients experiencing BCR. On multivariate analysis, preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (p = 0.01), biopsy Gleason score (p = 0.0008), MP-MRI suspicion score (p = 0.03), and extracapsular extension on MP-MRI (p = 0.03) were significantly associated with time to BCR. A nomogram integrating these factors to predict BCR at three years after RP demonstrated a c-index of 0.84, outperforming the predictive value of Gleason score and PSA alone (c-index 0.74, p = 0.02).

The addition of MP-MRI to standard clinical factors significantly improves prediction of BCR in a post-prostatectomy PCa cohort. This could serve as a valuable tool to support clinical decision-making in patients with moderate and high-risk cancers.

PloS one. 2016 Jun 23*** epublish ***

Richard Ho, Mohummad M Siddiqui, Arvin K George, Thomas Frye, Amichai Kilchevsky, Michele Fascelli, Nabeel A Shakir, Raju Chelluri, Steven F Abboud, Annerleim Walton-Diaz, Sandeep Sankineni, Maria J Merino, Baris Turkbey, Peter L Choyke, Bradford J Wood, Peter A Pinto

Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Center for Interventional Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America., Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.