PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES - To determine whether exercise could reduce biomarkers of cancer progression in prostate cancer survivors (PCSs) on androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). .
DESIGN - Randomized, controlled trial. .
SETTING - Oregon Health and Science University School of Nursing. .
SAMPLE - 51 PCSs randomized to one year of resistance and impact training or a stretching control group. .
METHODS - The authors investigated changes in body composition and cancer-related biomarkers, and the influence of age and fat loss on changes in biomarkers. .
MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES - Body composition (total fat, trunk fat, and lean mass), insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, and sex hormone-binding globulin. .
FINDINGS - In the 36 PCSs with baseline and 12-month data, total fat (p = 0.02) and trunk fat (p = 0.06) mass decreased in the training group compared to gains in controls. Loss of total and trunk fat each mediated the relationship between groups and one-year change in insulin (p < 0.05). Age moderated the insulin response to exercise where insulin reductions were smaller with increasing age (p = 0.03). .
CONCLUSIONS - Resistance and impact exercise may reduce body fat among PCSs undergoing ADT, in turn exerting an insulin-lowering effect. .
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING - Nurses should counsel PCSs to exercise to reduce the risk of obesity and associated conditions, including cancer progression. .
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2015 Jul 1;42(4):348-56. doi: 10.1188/15.ONF.348-356.
Winters-Stone KM1, Dieckmann N2, Maddalozzo GF3, Bennett JA4, Ryan CW4, Beer TM4.
1 School of Nursing, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland.
2 Oregon Health and Science University in Portland.
3 Oregon State University in Corvallis.
4 Knight Cancer Institute at Oregon Health and Science University.