BACKGROUND: As a neutral lipid and prominent component of the Western diet, cholesterol levels might be a risk factor for prostate cancer.
However, current evidence has been inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between blood cholesterol levels and the risk of prostate cancer.
METHODS: An extensive search was performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE for prospective studies that have reported the association between total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels in blood and risk of prostate cancer. Random-effects models were used to summarize the study-specific results.
RESULTS: Fourteen studies were included in this meta-analysis. In the meta-analysis, the summarized risk ratios (RR) for the highest to lowest cholesterol levels were as follows: 1.05 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.97-1.14; P = 0.21] for TC, 0.93 (95% CI, 0.80-1.10; P = 0.40) for HDL, and 1.17 (95% CI, 0.88-1.55; P = 0.51) for LDL. When restricting to high-grade prostate cancer, the pooled RR was 1.32 (95% CI, 0.93-1.87; P = 0.13) for TC. In dose-response analyses, a 1 mmol/L increment in blood TC, HDL, and LDL level conferred an RR of 1.01 (95% CI, 0.99-1.02; P = 0.38), 0.98 (95% CI, 0.91-1.07; P = 0.72), and 1.04 (95% CI, 0.98-1.10; P = 0.24), respectively.
CONCLUSION: In this meta-analysis of 14 large prospective studies, blood TC, HDL, and LDL levels were not associated with the risk of either overall prostate cancer or high-grade prostate cancer.
IMPACT: Our findings did not appear to support the hypothesis that hypercholesterolemia increases the risk of prostate cancer.
Written by:
YuPeng L, YuXue Z, PengFei L, Cheng C, YaShuang Z, DaPeng L, Chen D. Are you the author?
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Department of Medical Oncology, The third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Laboratory Center, Heilongjiang Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, China; Department of Urology Oncology, The third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. ;
Reference: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2015 May 7. Epub ahead of print.
doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-1329
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 25953767