European urology. 2020 Jul 02 [Epub ahead of print]
In order to understand which management plan is appropriate for an individual patient, we must first understand the stage and grade of their disease to allow instigation of the most effective intervention and avoid side effects from unnecessary treatments. However, investigations come with risks and costs that can only be justified if they change the treatment decision and improve the final outcome by avoiding undertreatment and overtreatment.For men with prostate cancer (PCa), local stage is currently most commonly assessed using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), with nodal or metastatic spread evaluated via a combination of computed tomography (CT) and bone scans.
Philip Cornford, Jeremy Grummet, Stefano Fanti, EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-SIOG Prostate Cancer Guidelines Panel
Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK.
Electronic address: ., Department of Surgery, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Caulfield North, Victoria, Australia., Department of Nuclear Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.