This study aims to estimate the prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) cutoff level for detecting prostate cancer (CAP) in Nigerian men with "grey zone PSA" (4-10 ng/ml) and normal digital rectal examination findings. We addressed this research question: Is the international PSAD cutoff of 0.15 ideal for detecting CAP in our symptomatic patients with "grey zone PSA?"
To estimate the prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) cutoff level for detecting CAP in Nigerian men with "grey zone PSA" (4-10 ng/ml) and normal digital rectal examination findings.
Prospective.
A tertiary medical center in Enugu, Nigeria.
Two hundred and fifty-four men with either benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or CAP were recruited.
Patients with PSA above 4 ng/ml or abnormal digital rectal examination or hypoechoic lesion in the prostate were biopsied.
PSAD and histology report of BPH or CAP.
Ninety-seven patients had CAP while 157 had benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Seventy-two patients had their serum PSA value within the range of 4.0 and 10 ng/ml. PSAD cutoff level to detect CAP was 0.04 (sensitivity 95.88 %; specificity 28.7 %).
The PSAD cutoff level generated for Nigerian men in this study is 0.04 which is relatively different from international consensus. This PSAD cutoff level has a positive correlation with histology and could detect patients with CAP who have "grey zone PSA."
World journal of surgical oncology. 2016 Jun 29*** epublish ***
Emeka I Udeh, Ikenna I Nnabugwu, Francis O Ozoemena, Fred O Ugwumba, Adesina S O Aderibigbe, Samuel R Ohayi, Kevin N Echetabu
Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria. ., Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria., Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria., Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria., Department of Pathology, ESUT University Teaching Hospital, Park Lane, Enugu, Nigeria., Department of Radiology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria., Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.