Clinical implications of stent culture in patients with indwelling ureteral stents prior to ureteroscopy

To determine the ability of urine culture (UC) to predict stent culture (SC) status and associated infectious pathogens, and evaluate the association between SC and post-ureteroscopy sepsis.

We queried our institutions prospectively collected database and identified all patients undergoing ureteroscopy between October 2010 and August 2016 who had a ureteral stent before the operation, and from whom UC and SC were obtained. The study endpoint was post-ureteroscopy sepsis within 48 hours of the procedure. We compared findings in UC and SC, and performed univariate and multivariate analyses to identify predictors of post-ureteroscopy sepsis.

The study group comprised 509 patients at a median age of 56 years; 147 patients (28.9%) were females. Positive UC were found in 91 patients (17.8%) and positive SC in 104 patients (20.4%). Fourty-eight patients (9.4%) had both positive UC and SC, but only 24/48 had identical bacteria in both cultures. The most common pathogens isolated from UC and SC were E. Coli (38.5%) and Enterococcus (18.4%), respectively. Sepsis occurred in 25 patients (4.9%), 21 of which (84%) had positive SC and 14 (59%) had positive UC. On multivariate analysis, female gender and positive SC were significantly associated with post-ureteroscopy sepsis.

Only half of the patients with ureteral stents prior to ureteroscopy and a positive SC and UC have similar pathogens in both cultures. Female gender and positive SC were associated with a higher risk of post-ureteroscopy sepsis in this population. SC may direct the proper antibiotic treatment for septic patients after URS.

The Journal of urology. 2017 Jan 26 [Epub ahead of print]

Amihay Nevo, Roy Mano, Eran Schreter, David A Lifshitz

Unit of Endourology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. Electronic address: ., Unit of Endourology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.