INTRODUCTION: Major kidney stones have traditionally been treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
However, retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS), which until a few years ago was considered inappropriate for this purpose, is becoming a viable, attractive alternative. The aim of the current study was to assess the efficacy and safety of RIRS combined with holmium laser lithotripsy for the treatment of stones > 2 cm in diameter in a large series of patients, reporting complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: By retrospective analysis, we identified a total of 162 patients who were affected by stones greater than 2 cm in diameter and who had undergone RIRS. We reviewed demographic and stone characteristics, intraoperative and postoperative outcomes, and complications.
RESULTS: The mean stone size was 2.7 cm +/- 0.6 cm. The primary, secondary, and tertiary stone-free rates were 66%, 80.9%, and 87.7%, respectively. The mean number of procedures per patient was 1.48. The complication rates according to the Clavien-Dindo classification were Clavien I in 20.4% of patients, Clavien II in 0%, Clavien III in 4.9%, Clavien IV in 0.6%, and Clavien V in 0%.
CONCLUSIONS: As an alternative to standard procedures for the treatment of renal calculi greater than 2 cm in diameter, RIRS is safe and effective, with a low complication rate.
Written by:
Giusti G, Proietti S, Luciani LG, Peschechera R, Giannantoni A, Taverna G, Sortino G, Graziotti P. Are you the author?
IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy.
Reference: Can J Urol. 2014 Apr;21(2):7207-12.
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 24775573
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