Stones in abnormal situations present a management conundrum to the urologist.
Many of these situations are relatively rare and literature is scanty on the appropriate management. We review the current literature on the management of stones in the setting of pregnancy, calyceal diverticulum, urinary diversions, pelvic kidneys, transplant kidneys, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, horseshoe kidneys, and other renal anomalies. The aims of treatment are complete stone-free status. The modality of treatment should be individualized to the size and location of stone and type of abnormal situation confronted.
Written by:
Tan YK, Cha DY, Gupta M. Are you the author?
Department of Urology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Reference: Urol Clin North Am. 2013 Feb;40(1):79-97.
doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.10.001
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 23177637
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