BACKGROUND: Urolithiasis is a common and recurrent disease, whose prevalence rate has recently increased in parallel to obesity pandemic.
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of history of urolithiasis in a non-randomized sample of adults assisted by a community-based health program and to analyze its association with metabolic syndrome.
METHODS: Cross-sectional study set in Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, including adults (non-diabetic hypertensives, diabetics or controls). Participants were assessed through a standardized questionnaire and underwent clinical and laboratory evaluation, including blood and urine samples. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was based on harmonized criteria.
RESULTS: A total of 740 adults were enrolled (M: F = 0.85; 43±12 years; 30% white, and 70% non-white). Almost half of subjects (42.5%) had metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of urolithiasis in the sample was 10.1%. White skin colour, family history, and metabolic syndrome were independently associated with urolithiasis (P < 0.05). Subjects with the syndrome (excluding cases on diuretics) had more acidic urine (P = 0.014), increased natriuresis (P = 0.01) and higher uricosuria (P = 0.001) compared with non-affected ones. The prevalence of urolithiasis increased in proportion to the number of criteria for metabolic syndrome (P for trend < 0.005).
CONCLUSIONS: Metabolic syndrome is a modifiable factor associated with urolithiasis in a way that the frequency of positive history increases proportionally to the number of its diagnostic criteria. These findings reinforce the recent suggested link between urolithiasis and cardiovascular risk factors.
Written by:
Filgueiras Pinto RD, Almeida JR, Kang HC, Rosa ML, Lugon JR. Are you the author?
Reference: Fam Pract. 2012 Nov 24. Epub ahead of print.
doi: 10.1093/fampra/cms075
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 23180816
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