The existing treatment options for pediatric urolithiasis are endoscopic methods.
Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) is the first-line option for most of the kidney stones smaller than 1 cm in diameter. For larger stones or refractory cases, minimally invasive surgical methods are preferred. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a well-established treatment modality for most patients. This technique has shown evolution also in children so that miniaturized or tubeless methods could now be performed. Recent series show that flexible ureteroscopy is also becoming an important treatment option in the pediatric urology armamentarium for treating the calyceal and lower pole stones. Open surgery has a very limited role and it may be of use when there is a need to do an adjuvant reconstructive surgery. With the increasing experience, laparoscopic surgery is becoming an alternative option that may have potential to replace the open techniques.
Written by:
Dogan HS, Tekgul S. Are you the author?
Department of Urology, Uludag University, Faculty of Medicine, 16059, Bursa, Turkey.
Reference: Curr Urol Rep. 2012 Aug;13(4):298-306.
doi: 10.1007/s11934-012-0259-8
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 22717737
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