Background and Objectives: Urolithiasis occurrence is uncommon in kidney transplantation patients, though it has serious implications, including acute kidney injury in the transplanted kidney. This study investigates the leading causes of urolithiasis in kidney transplantation patients, the diagnostic process, and the outcomes of multimodal management. Materials and Methods: Data collection spanned from January 1997 to December 2021, involving kidney transplantation patients with urolithiasis from the database of the Korean Society of Endourology and Robotics (KSER) research committee. Analysis encompassed factors triggering urolithiasis, the diagnostic process, stone attributes, treatment methods, and outcomes. Results: Our analysis included 58 kidney transplantation patients with urolithiasis from eight medical centers. Of these patients, 37 were male and 4 had previous urolithiasis diagnoses. The mean age was 59.09 ± 10.70 years, with a mean duration from kidney transplantation to diagnosis of 76.26 ± 183.14 months. The most frequent method of stone detection was through asymptomatic routine check-ups (54.7%). Among the 58 patients, 51 underwent stone treatment. Notably, 95.3% of patients with ureter stones received treatment, a significantly higher rate than the 66.7% of patients with renal stones (p = 0.010). Success rates showed no significant differences between renal (70%) and ureter stone (78.0%) groups (p = 0.881). Conclusions: Urolithiasis in transplanted kidneys constitutes an acute condition requiring emergency intervention. Endo-urological interventions are effective for kidney transplantation patients with urolithiasis. To ensure prevention and early detection, diligent follow-up and routine imaging tests are necessary.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania). 2024 Jan 10*** epublish ***
Kang Hee Shim, Kwi Bok Choi, Woong Bin Kim, Seung Woo Yang, Do Kyung Kim, Min Soo Choo, Doo Yong Chung, Hae Do Jung, Sin Woo Lee, Bum Soo Kim, Seung Hyun Jeon, Seok Ho Kang, Sunghyun Paick, Joo Yong Lee, Korean Society of Endourology and Robotics (KSER) Research Committee
Department of Urology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea., Department of Urology, National Police Hospital, Seoul 05715, Republic of Korea., Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea., Department of Urology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea., Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea., Department of Urology, Seoul Metropolitan Government, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea., Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea., Department of Urology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang 10380, Republic of Korea., Department of Urology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul 02053, Republic of Korea., Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea., Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea., Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea., Department of Urology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea., Department of Urology, Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.