With a 5-year stone recurrence rate of 30-50%, kidney stone formers are subject to significant morbidity which negatively impacts their Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL). We sought to determine the impact of age of kidney stone onset, duration of stone disease, and kidney stone event (surgery or stone passage) on patients' individual HRQOL by querying the validated and prospectively collected Wisconsin Stone Quality of Life (WISQOL) database.
Cross-sectional data were obtained from a total of 2,438 kidney stone formers from 14 institutions in North America who completed the WISQOL questionnaire from 2014 to 2019. The 28-question survey has a 1-5 point scale for each item (total score range 0-140). Multivariable linear regression models assessed the impact of age of kidney stone onset, duration of stone disease and time since most recent surgery or stone passage on HRQOL.
Of 2,438 patients, older age at kidney stone onset and longer duration of disease were both independent predictors of better WISQOL (β=0.33 points/year; CI 0.17-0.49; p<0.001 and β=0.50 points/year; CI 0.32-0.68; p<0.001, respectively). Of 1,376 patients with surgery between 2010-2019, increased time since most recent surgery was an independent predictor of better WISQOL scores (β = 2.28 points/year; CI: 1.47-3.10; p=<0.001). Of 1,027 patients with spontaneous stone passage between 2010-2019, increased time since most recent stone passage was an independent predictor of better WISQOL scores (β = 1.59 points/year; CI: 0.59-2.59; p=<0.05).
Our study demonstrates that older age of onset, longer duration of disease, increase time from most recent surgery or stone passage were independent predictors of better HRQOL in kidney stone formers. Results of future studies that focus on optimizing stone related modifiable risk factors to decrease the amount of recurrent stone episodes and thus the need for recurrent surgeries will be essential.
Journal of endourology. 2022 Jun 18 [Epub ahead of print]
Brendan Raizenne, Claudia Deyirmendjian, Seth K Bechis, Roger L Sur, Stephen Y Nakada, Jodi A Antonelli, Nicole Streeper, Sri Sivalingam, Davis Viprakasit, Timothy D Averch, Jaime Landman, Thomas Chi, Vernon M Pais, Ben H Chew, Vincent Bird, Sero Andonian, Noah E Canvasser, Jonathan D Harper, Kristina L Penniston, Naeem Bhojani
Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Division of Urology, 900 rue saint-denis, Montréal, Quebec, Canada, H2X 0A9; ., Université de Montréal, 5622, Medicine, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1J4; ., University of California San Diego Health System, 21814, Urology, San Diego, California, United States; ., UC San Diego, 8784, Urology, Department of Urology, 200 Arbor Drive #8897, San Diego, California, United States, 92130., 1685 Highland AveMadison, Wisconsin, United States, 53705; ., UT Southwestern Medical Center, Urology, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd J8.106, Dallas, Texas, United States, 75390-9110; ., The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 12310, Division of Urology, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States; ., University of Wisconsin, Urology, 3108 Bluff Street, apt 5, Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53705; ., UNC, Urology, 2114 POB, Campus Box 7235, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States, 27599; ., Palmetto Health USC Medical Group, Dept. of Surgery; Division of Urology, 2 Richmond Medical Park Drive - Ste 306, Columbia, South Carolina, United States, 29203., University of California Irvine, Urology, 333 City Blvd West, Orange, California, United States, 92868; ., University of California San Francisco, Urology, 400 Parnassus Ave, 6th floor Urology Clinics A638, San Francisco, California, United States, 94143; ., Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Urology, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States; ., University of British Columbia, Urologic Sciences, Level 6, 2775 Laurel st., Level 6 - 2775 Laurel St, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V5Z 1M9., University of Florida, Urology, 1600 SW Archer Road, Box 100247, Gainesville, Florida, United States, 32610; ., McGill University Health Centre, 54473, Division of Urology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ., University of California Davis Health System, 70083, Urologic Surgery, 4860 Y Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, California, United States, 95817., University of Washington, Washington, United States; ., University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Urology, 1685 Highland Avenue, 3258 MFCB, Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53705-2281; ., Centre Hospitalier de L'Universite de Montreal, 25443, Urology, 900 St. Denis street, Pavillon R, R08.474, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H2X 0A9; .