Nephrolithiasis associated with embolization material, Lipiodol®, following embolization of large renal angiomyolipoma.

Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign renal mass that can be treated with nephron sparing surgery or transarterial embolization. Embolization has been favored due to efficacy and safety profile. This case demonstrates a previously undocumented phenomenon of AML treated with transarterial embolization using Lipiodol® (Guerbet LLC, Princeton, NJ) resulting in nephrolithiasis and retention of Lipiodol® two years after original embolization. Although Lipiodol®-based embolization has not been shown to cause nephrolithiasis, it may have been the nidus for stone formation, and this is an important potential complication worthy of further study.

Urology case reports. 2021 Oct 22*** epublish ***

Irene Chen, Sara Q Perkins, Scott E Schwartz, David Leavitt

Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 Canfield Ave, Detroit, MI 48201, USA., Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 W Grand Blvd, K9, Detroit MI 48202, USA., Henry Ford Health System, Division of Interventional Radiology 2799 W Grand Blvd, K3, Detroit MI 48202, USA.