Urolithiasis is a common, highly recurrent disease with increasing prevalence worldwide. The association between vitamin D and calcium stones has often been investigated on the basis of the role of vitamin D in calcium homeostasis. Currently, there is no consensus on the management of vitamin D deficiency in patients with renal calculi, because of controversies about the relationship between vitamin D and calcium stones. However, the vitamin D deficiency is shown to be highly prevalent among kidney stone formers, and some studies found a higher prevalence in stone formers compared with non-stone formers. This article attempts to review the relationship between calcium stones and vitamin D, and propose a mechanism for the association between vitamin D deficiency and calcium-based calculi according to the substantial role of inflammation and oxidative stress in calcium stone formation and also the pro-inflammatory effect of vitamin D deficiency.
International urology and nephrology. 2018 Aug 22 [Epub ahead of print]
Sanaz Tavasoli, Maryam Taheri
Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 103, Shahid Jafari St., Pasdaran Ave., Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. ., Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 103, Shahid Jafari St., Pasdaran Ave., Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.