To compare conventional videocystoscopy to a novel and affordable (approximately $45) mobile cystoscopy system, the Endockscope. We evaluated the Endockscope system using both fluid (Endockscope-Fluid) and air (Endockscope-Air) to fill the bladder in an effort to expand the global range of flexible cystoscopy.
The Endockscope system is comprised of a portable 1,000 lumen LED self-contained cordless light source and a 3D printed adaptor which connects a mobile phone to a flexible fiberoptic cystoscope. Patients undergoing in-office cystoscopic evaluation for either stent removal or bladder cancer surveillance received three examinations: conventional, Endockscope-Fluid, and Endockscope-Air cystoscopy. Videos of each exam were recorded and analyzed by expert endoscopists for image quality/resolution, brightness, color quality, sharpness, overall quality, and whether or not they were acceptable for diagnostic purposes.
Six of the 10 patients for which the conventional videos were 100% acceptable for diagnostic purposes were included in our analysis. The conventional videos scored higher on every metric relative to both the Endockscope-Fluid and Endockscope-Air videos (p < 0.05). There was no difference between Endockscope-Fluid and Endockscope-Air videos on any metric. 52% and 44% of the Endockscope-Fluid and Endockscope-Air videos, respectively, were considered acceptable for diagnostic purposes (p = 0.384).
The Endockscope mobile cystoscopy system may be a reasonable option in settings where electricity, sterile fluid irrigant, or access to conventional videocystoscopic equipment is unavailable.
Journal of endourology. 2017 Apr 08 [Epub ahead of print]
Rahul Dutta, Renai Yoon, Roshan M Patel, Kyle Spradling, Zhamshid Okhunov, William Sohn, Hak J Lee, Jaime Landman, Ralph Clayman
University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Urology , 333 City Boulevard West , Suite 2100 , Irvine, California, United States , 92697-3950., University of California, Irvine, Urology , 333 city blvd west , Orange, California, United States , 92868 ; ., University of California Irvine, 8788, Urology , 333 City Blvd West , Suite 2100 , Irvine, California, United States , 92697 ; ., University of California, Irvine, Urology , 333 City Blvd West , Ste 2100 , Orange, California, United States , 92868 ; ., University of California, Irvine, Urology , 333 City Boulevard, Suite 2100 , 333 City Boulevard, Suite 2100 , Orange, California, United States , 92868 ; ., University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Urology, Irvine, California, United States ; ., University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Urology, Irvine, California, United States ; ., University of California Irvine, Urology , 333 City Blvd West , Orange, California, United States , 92868 ; ., Univ. of California, Irvine, Urology , 101 The City Drive South, Bldg. 55, Room 304, Route 81 , Irvine, California, United States , 92868 ; .