(UroToday.com) The 2024 ESMO annual meeting included a session highlighting urothelial carcinoma trials in progress, with Dr. Tian Zhang discussing STAR-EV, a phase I/II study of stereotactic treatment with neoadjuvant radiotherapy and enfortumab vedotin for localized cisplatin ineligible, muscle invasive bladder cancer. Urothelial cancer is the 9th most common cancer worldwide, with more than 610,000 people diagnosed per year. Muscle invasive bladder cancer needs more treatment options, and up to 50% of patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer cannot receive cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Definitive treatment of muscle invasive bladder cancer depends on neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery, or trimodality therapy with maximal resection followed by chemoradiation therapy.